The Role of Estriol and Estrone in Keratoconic Stromal Sex Hormone Receptors
Algorithms with Area under the Curve for Daily Urinary Estrone-3-Glucuronide and Pregnanediol-3-Glucuronide to Signal the Transition to the Luteal Phase
The 3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase HSD-X1 of Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3 catalyzes the conversion of 17β-estradiol to estrone
Estrone (Estrone) |
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MBS766232-10x96StripWells | MyBiosource | 10x96-Strip-Wells | 3900 EUR |
Estrone (Estrone) |
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MBS766232-48StripWells | MyBiosource | 48-Strip-Wells | 340 EUR |
Estrone (Estrone) |
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MBS766232-5x96StripWells | MyBiosource | 5x96-Strip-Wells | 2045 EUR |
Estrone (Estrone) |
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MBS766232-96StripWells | MyBiosource | 96-Strip-Wells | 455 EUR |
Estrone(Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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EU3107 | FN Test | 96T | 628.92 EUR |
Estrone(Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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EKF57997-48T | Biomatik Corporation | 48T | 396.9 EUR |
Estrone(Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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EKF57997-5x96T | Biomatik Corporation | 5x96T | 2693.25 EUR |
Estrone(Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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EKF57997-96T | Biomatik Corporation | 96T | 567 EUR |
Estrone 3-O-Sulfamate (Estrone 3-sulfamate, Estrone O-Sulfamate, Estrone Sulfamate) |
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MBS6062924-1mg | MyBiosource | 1(mg | 485 EUR |
Estrone 3-O-Sulfamate (Estrone 3-sulfamate, Estrone O-Sulfamate, Estrone Sulfamate) |
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MBS6062924-5x1mg | MyBiosource | 5x1mg | 2025 EUR |
Rat Estrone(Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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CK-bio-22621-48T | Shanghai Coon Koon Biotech | 48T | Ask for price |
Rat Estrone(Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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CK-bio-22621-96T | Shanghai Coon Koon Biotech | 96T | Ask for price |
Rat Estrone(Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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ER1506 | FN Test | 96T | 628.92 EUR |
Rat Estrone (Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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MBS7606176-10x96StripWells | MyBiosource | 10x96-Strip-Wells | 3900 EUR |
Rat Estrone (Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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MBS7606176-48StripWells | MyBiosource | 48-Strip-Wells | 340 EUR |
Rat Estrone (Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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MBS7606176-5x96StripWells | MyBiosource | 5x96-Strip-Wells | 2045 EUR |
Rat Estrone (Estrone) ELISA Kit |
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MBS7606176-96StripWells | MyBiosource | 96-Strip-Wells | 455 EUR |
Estrone |
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A8426-10000 | ApexBio | 10g | 84.8 EUR |
Estrone |
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A8426-5.1 | ApexBio | 10 mM (in 1mL DMSO) | 44 EUR |
Estrone |
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A8426-50 | ApexBio | 50 mg | 157.2 EUR |
Estrone |
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A8426-5000 | ApexBio | 5g | 61.6 EUR |
Estrone |
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300149 | MedKoo Biosciences | 500.0mg | 90 EUR |
Estrone |
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DE4174 | Demeditec Diagnostics | 96 | 146 EUR |
Estrone |
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AT185 | Unibiotest | 1mg | 1336.8 EUR |
Estrone |
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E02400 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 400MG | 342.4 EUR |
Estrone |
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AG185 | Unibiotest | 1 mg | 627.6 EUR |
Temporal compositional shifts in an activated sludge microbiome during estrone biodegradation
- Microbial biodegradation is a key process for the removal of estrogens during wastewater treatment. At least four degradation pathways for natural estrogens have been proposed. However, major estrogen degraders and the occurrence of different estrogen biodegradation pathways in wastewater treatment plants have been rarely investigated. This study was conducted to elucidate estrone biodegradation pathway and to identify key estrone-degrading bacteria in activated sludge from a major wastewater treatment plant in Bahrain. The biodegradation experiments were performed in activated sludge microcosms supplemented with estrone. Sludge samples were retrieved at time intervals to analyze the biodegradation metabolites and the temporal shifts in the bacterial community composition.
- Chemical analysis revealed the biodegradation of more than 90% of the added estrone within 6 days, and the compounds 4-hydroxyestrone and pyridinestrone acid, which are typical markers of the 4,5-seco pathway of aerobic estrone biodegradation, were detected. Temporal shifts in the relative abundance of bacteria were most prominent among members of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. While the alphaproteobacterial genera Novosphingobium and Sphingoaurantiacus were significantly enriched (from ≤ 6% to an average of 31%) in the estrone-amended activated sludge after 2 days of incubation, the bacteroidete Pedobacter was uniquely detected in these microcosms at day 10. The relative abundance of Polyangia (Nannocyctis) increased to an average of 10 ± 0.4% in the estrone-amended activated sludge after 4 days of incubation.
- Enrichment cultivation of bacteria from the activated sludge on estrone resulted in a mixed culture that was capable of degrading estrone. An estrone-degrading strain was isolated from this mixed culture and was affiliated with the known estrogen-degrading Alphaproteobacteria Sphingobium estrogenivorans. We conclude that estrone degradation in the activated sludge from the studied wastewater treatment plant proceeds via the 4,5-seco pathway and is most likely mediated by alphaproteobacterial taxa.